Wrench.



F. G. SOGIN.

WRENCH.

I APPLIOATION FILED MAY 12, 1913. 1,092,081. Patented Mar. 31, 1914.

FRANCIS QSOCIN, 0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR 'IO HIMSELF, AND WILLIAM B. SCOFIELD,

OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

WRENCH.

Application filed May 12,

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FRANCIS C. SooIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Wrench, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to provide a new and improved quick acting wrench which also can be used as a ratchet wrench.

To this end the invention consists of a wrench having a fixed jaw, a movable jaw, means tending normally to force the movable jaw toward the fixed jaw, and means for holding the movable jaw from movement away from the fixed jaw.

The means for forcing the movable jaw normally toward the fixed jaw comprises a screw engaging the movable jaw, and a spring connected to rotate the screw; and the means for holding the movable jaw from movement away from the fixed jaw consists of a ratchet wheel and a pawl. The pawl is so positioned that it can be manipulated by the hand, preferably by the thunib, of the operator. The ratchet and pawl also form a releasable means for holding the movable jaw from movement away from the fixed aw. J The invention is illustrated in the accompanying sheet of drawings in which,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved wrench; Fig.-2 is a front elevation thereof; Fig. 3 is a side elevation partly in section; and Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are diagrammatic views illustrating the operation when the wrench is used as a ratchet wrench.

Referring to the drawing and in detail, A designates the fixed jaw formed on a shank B. Sliding on the shank is the movable jaw O. A block or base D is fitted on the shank and is held in place thereon by a screw d. Fitted on the lower end of the shank is a handle E which is held in place by a nut F threaded on the lower end of the shank.

A screw 10 is threaded into the movable jaw. Preferably a nut 11 is fitted into the movable jaw for the screw to engage, although if desired, the mit can be formed directly in the material of the movable jaw. The screw preferably is made with a double thread, quick pitch. Formed as part of the screw is a ratchet wheel 12 which has a hub 13 and a shank 14. The hub 13 is fitted into Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 1, 1914:.

1913. Serial No. 766,985.

I a knurled hub 15 which is threaded into the top of a cavity formed in the block D. A torsion spring G is housed in said cavity and has one end inserted into a hole formed in the material of the block near the bottom of the cavity and the upper end fitted into a hole in the hub 13. The tendency of this spring is to rotate the screw normally in such direction as to force the movable jaw toward the fixed jaw. I

A pawl H is provided with bent arms 1616 which are pivoted to the block D by screws 1717. The outer face of the pawl is made smooth so that it can be engaged by the thumb of the operator. When the thumb of the operator is moved above the center line of the screw 17-17 the pawl will be held to engage the ratchet wheel. When the thumb is moved below said center line the pawl will be released.

The operation is as follows,vVhen the wrench is to be applied to a nut or other article, the movable jaw is pulled away a considerable distance from the fixed jaw and the pawl is set by the thumb of the operator to engage the ratchet and hold the movable jaw away from the fixed jaw. The wrench is then applied to the nut or article which it is desired to turn. The pawl is then released, when the movable jaw will immediately move toward the fixed jaw and engage the nut or article. The pawl is then pressed to engage the ratchet wheel. The wrench is thus quickly and tightly applied to the nut or other article which it is desired to turn. When it is necessary to provide a more positive grip, as in the case of a nut with worn corners, the pawl H is held in engagement with the ratchet wheel to prevent rotation of the screw while the hub 15 is turned toforce the screw 12 positively forward to effectively grip the nut.

If it is desired to use the wrench as a ratchet wrench, the same is applied to the nut, as previously described, and the nut turned around to the position shown in Fig. 4.. Then the pawl is released and the wrench moved in the reverse direction, as illustrated in Fig. 5. In this movement, the pressure on the movable jaw will force the same away from the fixed jaw so that the wrench will ratchet around the nut, as illustrated in Fig. 5. When the wrench has been turned far enough to engage another face of the nut, as illustrated in Fig. 6, the movable jaw will be forced up to engage the nut and then the nut for another partial turn thereof. This ratchet movement can be in either direction, depending upon the period in the oscillation of the wrench during which the pawl is released.

When the wrench is applied horizontally to a nut or other article with the pawl uppermost, the pawl will act by gravity to engage with the ratchet and this will expedite the action, as most nuts are vertically arranged and the Wrench applied horizontally thereto.

By the construction described a quick acting wrench which also can be used for ratchet purposes, is provided, and with the use of the same much time can be saved and the wrench can be applied to turn many nuts which are in inaccessible positions.

The details and arrangements herein shown and described may be greatly varied by a skilled mechanic without departing from the scope of the invention as expressed in the claims.

Having thus fully what I desire to ent is,

1. In a wrench, the combination of a fixed jaw, a movable jaw, a screw constantly in operative threaded engagement with the movable jaw, a spring connected to rotate described my invention, secure by Letters-Patthe screw to force the movable jaw toward the fixed jaw, a ratchet wheel ,on the screw, and a pawl for the ratchet wheel.

2. In a wrench, the combination of a fixed jaw, a shank, a movable jaw movable thereon, a block mounted on the shank, a screw constantly in operative threaded engagement with the movable jaw, a torsion spring housed in the block and connected to rotate the screw to force the movable jaw toward the fixed jaw, a ratchet wheel on the screw, and a pawl for theratchet wheel.

3. In a wrench, the combination of a fixed jaw, a shank, a movable jaw fitted thereon, a block secured 011 the shank, a screw constantly in operative threaded engagement with the movable jaw, a nut threaded into a cavity in the block, a ratchet wheel formed on said screw, a hub'projecting from the ratchet wheel and fitted into said nut, a spring housed in the cavity in the block engaging said hub and tending normally to turn the screw to force the movable jaw toward the fixed jaw, and a pawl having arms pivoted on the block in position to be manipulated by the thumb of the operator.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANCIS C. SOOIN. Witnesses:

ALBERT E. FAY, WVILLIAM B. SCOFIELD;

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by afiuressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

